Assionobb



ROTARYl COMPRESSOR Filed March 17, 193.0 z'sheets-sheet 1 nmllllll lllllllll. r-

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J. c. BUCHANAN x-:r Al. `1,913,657

' J. c. BUCHANAN Er AL 1,913,657

June 13, 1933.

' ROTARY COMPRESSOR Filed March 17 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 fo/Z755 f 57; a QL...

Patented Jane 1s, .193g

UNITED STATES PATENT ori-*ica JOHN c. Bucmuum Aim am F.' macxna, or limon', moment, seleziona 'ro-Noma couronnes, or DETROIT, meinem, a oonronmrron or meinem iroTAnY conrnsson applicati mea umn 1v, raso. smal nu. maas.

This invention relates to rotary pumps of the type used for handling fluid or gases for either evacuation or compressionthereof.

It is an object of this invention to provide an improved and simplified compressor-assembly wherein the compressor cylinder is exposed for efiicient air cooling while having locating ianges for attachment to end closures incorporating suction and discharge connections, the discharge side being formed as 4a lubricant reservoir, wherein the lubricant also acts as a `fluid seal for the discharge end of the compressor. ",Heretofore rotary compressors have been submerged ,in a lubricant bath within an enclosing casing, but such a construction requires that the heat -generated in the compressor must be transmitted through the lubricant bath to the outer casing with the result that'the lubricant is unduly heated and the compressor will operate at undesirably high temperatures,

further increasing the load on the condenser Acompressor that can be economically manufactured, assembled and serviced.

@ther and further important objects of this invention will be apparent from the disclosures in the specification and the accompanying drawings.

On the drawings:

Figure 1 is a top planV view of a rotary compressor embodying the features of this invention; v

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section on the line II-II of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a front elevation of the compressor with the lubricant reservoir omitted; an

-' Figure 4 is a. section on the line IV--IV of Figure 2.

As shown:-

The compressor chosen for illustrative purposes-is of the belt driven type, as indicated by the belt pulley 10 in Figure 2, but may of course be driven in any convenient manner from a suitable prime mover. `The illustrated embodiment of this invention is primarily intendedY for use in domestic refrigerating apparatus, although itis adaptable to a wide variety of other uses.

The compressor comprises a body 11 having a central cylindrical bore 12 with outstanding end anges 13- the faces of which are finished parallel to each other and at right angles to the cylindrical bore` the outer perimeter of the flanges being finished concentric with the bore to provide. locating surfacesv for end closures to be hereinafter delincludes a concentric front shaft bearing 20 and a stuiing box 21 containing a seal 22.

The closure 19 is formed with an oil reservoir 23 `into which .y the compressor discharges above the lubricant therein, this oil reservoir feeding into the stuffing box location through a passage 24 and back of the partition blade 25 cthrough a passage. 26 shownin Figures 3 an 4;

A shaft 27, having a tapered and threaded end to receive the driving pulley `10,iis mounted in the bearings 15 and 20 and carries an eccentric 28 within the cylindrical bore. A rotor or sleeve 29 is mounted on the eccentric and is so proportioned as to just clear the cylinder wall at the position of maximum eccentricity of the shaft eccentric. This sleeve floats on the eccentric and is therefore free to roll within the cylinder` as it is oscillated therein by the rotation of the shaft and eccentric.

The sleeve is of the same length as the depth of the cylinder bore and end sealing plates 30 are mounted on each flange of the cylinder body inside the respectlve end closures, these plates being apertured for the shaft but overlapping the ends of the sleeve to make sealing contact therewith. The end sealing plate inside the front closure 19 1s provided with a discharge port 31 on the dlscharge side of the partition blade 25 whlch port is covered by a flap valve 32, shown 1n dotted lines in Figure 3, the valve in turn being covered by a cap 33 having an outlet tube 34 extending upwardly within the lubrlcant reservoir above the lubricant level therein. An outlet port 35 and mounting flange 36 are provided on top of the reservoir for attachment of suitable discharge connectlons, not shown'. f

The Vpartition blade 25 reciprocates in a suitable slot 3.7 in the cylinder Wall and 1s backed b a spring 38 in a chamber 39 in a boss 40, the chamber being in' communication with the lubricant reservoir through the passage 26 previously mentioned so that. the discharge pressure of the compressor acts through the lubricant to cause the blade to maintain contact with the sleeve 29 durmg oscillation thereof. The passage 26 is drilled -through the fianges 13, cylinder body 11, and

the mounting flange of the front closure and in manufacturing serves to provide end clearance when broaching the blade slot 37.

A suction passage 41 is provided in a boss 42 on the wall of the cylinder on the opposite side of the partition blade to the discharge port 31, shown in dotted lines in Figure 3. A passage 43 through the rear cylinder flange communicates with a mounting flange 44 carried by the rear closure 14, for attaching the suction line, not shown.

If desired a counterweight 45 can be mounted on the shaft 27 within the rear closure 14, to balancethe weight of the eccentric and sleeve on the shaft, and thus assure smooth operation at high speeds.

-In the operation of the compressor of this invention reference may be made to Figures 2 and 4. In Figure 4 the shaft 27 and eccentric 28. rotate clockwise so that the crescentA shaped pumping space between the sleeve 29 and the cylinder 12 also shifts clockwise in the cylinder. The partition blade 25 serves to divide the compression space into suction and compression spaces, the suction space below the blade increasing in area during the rotation of the shaft and thus-creating a suction which draws in the working Huid,

through the suction passage 41. When the shaft has rotated a little more than 180 from the position shown the point of maximum eccentricity of the sleeve 29 will pass over the suction port or passa e simultaneously ending the suction peri starting compression of the working fluid, ahead of the point of maximum eccentricity and starting va new suction period back of the point of maximum eccentricity. It is not to be understood that ther movement of the eccentric until it reaches the value of the discharge or back pressure.

Since the compressor discharges above the level of lubricantin a reservoir enveloping the discharge side of the compressor, the pressure developed bythe operation thereof forces lubricant against the exposed working parts of the compressor, and suiiicient leakage occurs, especially on the suction side of the partition blade, to assure a sufficient l,

supply of lubricant to the compressor which lubricant is carried out by the discharge and separated from the working fiuid in the upper part of the vlubricant reservoir. Since the lubricant is also fed back of the partition blade through the port 26 it acts to supplement the spring pressure to cause the partition blade to maintain sealing contact with the sleeve or rotor throughout the movement thereof.

It will thus be seen that we have invented an improved and simplified rotary compressor embodying direct air cooling with a lubricating bath for sealing and lubricating the compressor.

We are aware that many changes may bel made and numerous details of construction may be varied through a wide range without departing from the principles of this invention, and we, therefore, do not purpose limiting the patent granted hereon otherwise than necessitated by the prior art.

VWe claim as follows:

1. A rotary pump comprising an openended cylinder having a concentric annular outstanding flange on each end thereof proing provided with a discharge outlet for the working fluid, and conduit means for leading the discharge of working fluid and lubricant from said cylinder through an end seal in said last-named housing.

2. A rotary pump comprising an openended cylinder having planular end surface portions contiguous to the cylindrical bore of the cylinder, said cylinder having a single substantially solid side Wall of substantial thickness surrounding said cylindrical bore, a pair of end sealing members rigidly secured to said cylinder end surface portions, a pair of end closure housings having bearings formed concentrically relative to said cylindrical bore, said end closure housings being removably secured upon said cylinder end surface portions outside of said end seal-l ing members, a shaft journaled in said bearings carrying an eccentric within the bore of said cylinder, a rotor on said eccentric in pumping relation to said cylinder, one of said closure housings providing a reservoir for lubricant to normally extend above the working level of said rotor, and conduit means Within said housing for leading the discharge of Working fluid and lubricant from said cylinder into said housing.

In testimony whereof, we have hereunto subscribed our names at Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan. r

JOHN C. BUCHANAN. EARL F. HUBAUKER. 

